Historias de la salud mundial: la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la cooperación con actores no estatales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21501/22161201.3171Palabras clave:
Salud global, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Organizaciones no gubernamentales, Gobernancia.Resumen
Este artículo tiene como objetivo rastrear la historia de las relaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) con actores no estatales desde su creación hasta la aprobación del Marco de Cooperación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud con Agentes No Estatales. Se llevó a cabo una investigación documental exploratoria con enfoque cualitativo, con revisión de la literatura y documentos institucionales encontrados en la Biblioteca de la OMS. Los resultados muestran un aumento en el número de actores en el Sistema Internacional y una reducción en el poder de la OMS y en la provisión de recursos financieros por parte de los Estados a lo largo de la historia de la Organización. También se encontró una relación entre la diversificación de los tipos de actores enel sistema internacional y una reducción de la influencia de la Organización Mundial de la Salud en los procesos de gobernanza sanitaria mundial.Descargas
Referencias
Africa Renewal. (2003). Onchocerciasis: Africa’s victory over river blindness. < https://web.archive.org/web/20110830090427/http://www.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/afrec/vol17no1/171heal1.htm
Brown, T., Cueto, M., e Fee, E. (2006). A transição de saúde pública 'internacional' para 'global' e a Organização Mundial da Saúde. História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos, 13(3), 623-647. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702006000300005
Castro, T. (2012). Teoria das relações internacionais. FUNAG.
Centre International D’information Du Tabac. (1988). Relatório da INFOTAB sobre reunião do DG da OMS com representantes da indústria e sobre a atuação das organizações nao governamentais nas reuniões da OMS. Centre.
Civil Society Initiative. (2002). WHO’s interactions with Civil Society and Nongovern-mental Organizations. Who/Csi/2002/Wp6. Genebra.
Clift, C. (2014). What’s the World Health Organization for? Final report from the Centre on Global Health Security Working Group on Health Governance. Londres: Chatam House. https://www.chathamhouse.org/2014/05/whats-world-health-organization
Cueto, M. (2004). The origins of primary health care and selective primary health care. Am J Public Health, 94(11), 1864–74. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.94.11.1864
Cueto, M. (2015). Saúde Global: uma breve história. Editora Fiocruz.
Fee, E., Cueto, M., & Brown, T. (2008). WHO at 60: Snapshots from its first six dec-ades. Am J Public Health, 98(4), 630–3. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2007.132449
Godlee, F. (1994). WHO in retreat: is it losing its influence? BMJ, 309(6967), 1491-1495. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.309.6967.1491
Kickbusch, I., e Berger Berger, C. (2010). Diplomacia da Saúde Global. Revista Eletrônica de Comunicação, Informação e Inovação em Saúde, 4(1), 19-24. https://doi.org/10.3395/reciis.v4i1.693Silveira Lemos, F. C., Galindo, D., Reis Júnior, L. P., Moreira, M. M., e Borges Magalhães, A. (2015). Análise documental: algumas pistas de pesquisa em psicologia e história. Psicologia em Estudo, 20(3), 461-469. https://doi.org/10.4025/psicolestud.v20i3.27417
Marques, G. B. (2008). Velhos e novos atores: as Relações Internacionais de Vestfália ao século XXI. Ius Gentium, 1, 12-32. http://www.iusgentium.ufsc.br/revista/artigo01.pdf
Merle, M. (1981). Sociologia das Relações Internacionais. Trad. Ivon. UnB.
Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies. (2009). The UN’s Role in Global Gov-ernance. http://www.unihp.org/briefing/15GlobalGov.pdf
Reich, R. (2013). What Are Foundations For? Boston Review.
Rodrigues, J. (2008). Arquivo "Geraldo Horácio de Paula Souza": um acervo sobre história e saúde. Patrimônio e Memória, 4(1), 161-175. http://pem.assis.unesp.br/index.php/pem/article/view/158/492
Silva, L. R. C., Damaceno, A. D., Martins, M. C. R., Sobral, K. M., e Farias, I. M. S. (2009). Pesquisa documental: alternativa investigativa na atuação docente. In IX Congresso Nacional de Educação - EDUCERE, III Encontro brasileiro de psicopedagogia. Paraná: PUCPR. (pp. 4554-4566). http://educere.bruc.com.br/arquivo/pdf2009/3124_1712.pdf
United Nations. (2011). A/66/98 - Personal conflict of interest. General Assembly.
Walt, G. (1993). WHO under stress: Implications for health policy. Health Policy, 24(2), 125–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8510(93)90030-S
World Health Organization. (1948). Executive Board. EB1/18 Report of the Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1948). Executive Board. EB2/69 Report of Standing Com-mittee on Non-Governmental Organizations. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1950). Standing Committee on Non-governmental Organi-zations. First report of the Standing Committee on Non-governmental Organiza-tions. Genebra: WHO. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/126292/1/EB5_87_eng.pdf
World Health Organization. (1950). Executive Board. In: Executive Board Sixth Session - resolutions and decisions. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1955). Executive Board. EB15.R54 Principles Governing Admission of Non-governmental Organizations into Official Relations with WHO. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1955). Executive Board. EB17/31 - Principles Governing the Admission of Non-Governmental Organizations into Relations with WHO. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1956). Executive Board. Official Records of the World Health Organization no. 68 - Executive Board - Seventeenth Session. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1958a). Los diez primeros años. OMS.
World Health Organization. (1958b). World Health Assembly. EB21.R32 - Amendment to Working Principles governing the Admission of Non-governmental Organiza-tions into Official Relations with WHO. Genebra: WHO.
World Health Organization. (1968). World Health Assembly. WHA21.28 - Working Principles governing the Admission of Non-governmental Organizations into Official Relations with WHO: Amendment to Paragraph 2 (vi). WHO.
World Health Organization. (1968). The Second Ten Years of the World Health Organi-zation (1958 - 1967). WHO.
World Health Organization. (1973). Handbook of resolutions and decisions of the World Health Assembly (Vol. I). WHO.
World Health Organization. (1977). Executive Board. Triennal review of Nongovern-mental Organizations in official relations with WHO (1975-1977) - Report by the Director-General. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1978). Declaration of Alma-Ata. Alma-Ata, URSS. http://www.who.int/publications/almaata_declaration_en.pdf
World Health Organization. (1978). EB63/38 - Review of Nongovenmental Organiza-tions in Official Relations with WHO - Report by the Director-General. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1978). Primary Health Care - report of the International Conference on Primare Health Care. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1979). Executive Board. EB63.R27 - Relations with Non-governmental Organizations. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1979). Executive Board. Executive Board, Sixty-Third Ses-sion: resolutions and decisions. WHO. http://doi.wiley.com/10.1046/j.1600-0528.2003.00124.x
World Health Organization. (1987). Standing Committee on Non-governmental Organi-zations. EB81/NGO/WP/1 - Review of Nongovernmental Organizations in Offi-cial Relations with WHO. WHO.
World Health Organization. (1993). Handbook of resolutions and decisions of the World Health Assembly and the Executive Board volume III Third edition (1985-1992) (Vol. III). WHO.
World Health Organization. (1996). EB99/25 - Collaboration with nongovernmental organizations: Review of overall policy on collaboration with nongovernmental organizations (1994-1996). WHO.
World Health Organization. (2000). Secretariat. World Health Organization - Partner-ships with nongovernmental organizations. WHO.
World Health Organization. (2001). Executive Board. EB107 - Decisions and list of res-olutions. WHO.
World Health Organization. (2002). Executive Board. EB111/22 - Policy for relations with nongovernmental organizations - Report by the Director-General. WHO.
World Health Organization. (2008). Executive Board. EB101.R11 - Nomination For The Post Of Director-General. WHO.
World Health Organization. (2008). The third ten years of the World Health Organiza-tion: 1968 – 1977. WHO.
World Health Organization. (2009). Secretariat. Partnerships - Report by the Secretariat. WHO.
World Health Organization. (2010). El futuro de la financiación de la OMS - Informe de la reunión de consulta oficiosa sobre el futuro de la financiación de la OMS convocada por la Directora General. WHO. http://www.who.int/dg/who_futurefinancing2010_es.pdf?ua=1
World Health Organization. (2010). World Health Assembly. Sixty-third World Health Assembly - Resolutions and decisions. Genebra: WHO. http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA63-REC1/WHA63_REC1-en.pdf
World Health Organization. (2011). The Fourth Ten Years of the World Health Organi-zation 1978-1987. WHO.
World Health Organization. (2013). WHO | Dr Hiroshi Nakajima, Director-General. Genebra: WHO. Recuperado de: http://www.who.int/dg/nakajima/nakajima/en/
World Health Organization. (2014). Mapping of WHO’ s engagement with non - State actors. WHO. http://www.who.int/about/who_reform/governance/mapping-of-WHO-engagement-with-non-State-actors.pdf?ua=1
World Health Organization. (2014). Partnerships and Collaborative Arrangements with WHO involvement. WHO. http://www.who.int/about/who_reform/partnerships-collaborative-arrangements-with-WHO-involvement.pdf
World Health Organization. (2014). WHO Basic Documents. OMS.
World Health Organization. (2016). WHO Ethical principles. Genebra: WHO. http://www.who.int/about/ethics/en/#principles
World Health Organization. (2016). Framework of engagement with non-state actors. WHO. http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA69/A69_R10-en.pdf
World Health Organization. (2016). Reports of committees of the Executive Board. WHO. http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/EB138/B138_DIV3-en.pdf
World Health Organization. (2016). Sixty-ninth World Health Assembly closes. WHO Media Centre. WHO. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2016/wha69-28-may-2016/en/
World Health Organization. (2017). A70.52 - Framework of engagement with non - State actors Report by the Director - General. Genebra: WHO. http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA68/A68_5-sp.pdf
World Health Organization. (2017). Executive Board. EB140(10) - Engagement with non-State actors. OMS. http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/EB140/B140(10)-en.pdf
World Health Organization. (2019a). Executive Board. EB146(34) - Engagement with non-State actors. OMS. apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/EB146/B146_34-en.pdf
World Health Organization. (2019b). Executive Board. EB146(35) - Engagement with non-State actors. OMS. http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/EB146/B146_35-en.pdf
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
La revista y los textos individuales que en esta se divulgan están protegidos por las leyes de copyright y por los términos y condiciones de la Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-No Comercial-Sin Derivar 4.0 Internacional.
