Contrast of a model of the sense of belonging, social categorization, social representations and identity in migrant workers

Abstract

In the context of migration, the impact of global opportunities in the local market has been a subject of study commonly approached by four hypotheses: 1) identification, 2) adaptation, 3) assimilation, and 4) selection. These assumptions consider migration as an effect of the financial economic flows from which it is possible to anticipate the construction of a new identity between two different cultures, the adjustment of industrial capabilities to the demands of the local market, learning skills, knowledge according to the values of the host economy and human development from the establishment of a system of labor skills. However, except for studies relating to the identity and acculturation, these seem obvious that the study of migration is not only limited to transit from an emerging economy to a developed country, or those migration from the countryside to the city. In this sense, the objective of this paper is to test hypotheses about a fifth of the cruise, stay and return of migrants to their home due to the identity and otherness in the sense of belonging is manifested, social categorization, social representations and identity. For this purpose, we conducted a cross-sectional quantitative study with a nonrandom selection of 157 residents Xilitla, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. The results shows that the objectification and anchoring the U.S. labor market influences the identity of the respondent sample (β = 0.57). From a structural model [X2 = 15.25 (25df) p = 0.000; GFI = 1.000; RMR = 0.000] hypothesized identity-otherness was accepted and discussed according to the state of knowledge. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.